Maintenance and maintenance of the oil pump of the control machine tool
The key to preventive maintenance is to strengthen daily maintenance. The main maintenance tasks include the following:
1. Daily inspection
Its main items include hydraulic system, spindle lubrication system, guideway lubrication system, cooling system, air pressure system. The daily inspection is based on the normal conditions of each system to be tested. For example, when performing the process inspection of the spindle lubrication system, the power light should be on and the oil pressure pump should be running normally. If the power light is not on, keep the spindle stopped and contact the mechanical engineer. Make repairs.
2. Weekly inspection
Its main items include machine tool parts and spindle lubrication system, which should be checked correctly every week, especially for machine tool parts to remove iron filings and clean external sundries.
3. Monthly inspection
Mainly check the power supply and air dryer. The power supply voltage is rated at 180V-220V under normal conditions, and the frequency is 50Hz. If there is any abnormality, it must be measured and adjusted. The air dryer should be disassembled once a month, then cleaned and assembled.
4. Quarterly inspection
Quarterly inspection should mainly be carried out from three aspects: machine bed, hydraulic system and spindle lubrication system. For example, when inspecting the bed of a machine tool, it mainly depends on whether the accuracy and level of the machine tool meet the requirements in the manual. If there is any problem, please contact the mechanical engineer immediately. When checking the hydraulic system and spindle lubrication system, if there is any problem, replace 6oL and 20L of new oil respectively, and clean them.
5. Semi-annual inspection
Half a year later, the hydraulic system, spindle lubrication system and X-axis of the machine tool should be checked. If something goes wrong, new oil should be replaced and then cleaned.
After being fully familiar with and mastering the knowledge of preventive maintenance, it is also necessary to have a deeper understanding and necessary mastery of the causes and treatment of abnormal phenomena in the hydraulic system. For example, when the oil pump does not inject oil, the pressure is abnormal, and there is hydraulic noise, etc., you should know what are the main reasons and what are the corresponding solutions. The causes and treatment of abnormal phenomena in the hydraulic system should be understood from three aspects:
(1) The oil pump does not inject oil
The main reasons may be that the liquid level in the oil tank is low, the oil pump is reversed, the speed is too low, the oil viscosity is too high, the oil temperature is low, the filter is blocked, the volume of the oil suction pipe is too large, the air is sucked into the oil inlet, and the shaft and rotorare damaged. For damage, etc., there are corresponding solutions for the main reasons, such as filling with oil, confirming the label, changing the oil pump when it is reversed, etc.
(2) Abnormal pressure
That is, the pressure is too high or too low. The main reasons are also various, such as improper pressure setting, poor operation of the pressure regulating valve coil, abnormal pressure gauge, and leakage in the oil pressure system. The corresponding solutions include disassembling and cleaning according to the specified pressure setting, changing a normal pressure gauge, checking each system in turn, etc.
(3) Noisy
Noise is mainly generated by oil pumps and valves. When the valve is noisy, the reason is that the flow exceeds the rated standard, and the flow should be adjusted appropriately; when the oil pump is noisy, there are many reasons and corresponding solutions, such as high oil viscosity and low oil temperature. In order to raise the oil temperature; when there are air bubbles in the oil, the air in the system should be released, etc.
All in all, in order to do a good job in the preventive maintenance of CNC machine tools.